فصلنامه مدیریت پرستاری
سال نهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 34، زمستان 1399)

The widespread of corona virus and the lack of any definitive treatment and prevention have caused stress and anxiety in communities. Fear and anxiety caused by corona virus disease are destructive and they can lead to mental disorders in people. The aim of this study was to investigate role of health promoting behaviors and health beliefs to predict corona virus anxiety among nurses in Ardabil.

The method of the present study was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population consisted of all nurses of Ardabil province in the summer of 2020. According to the latest statistics of the provincechr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s nursing system, 3,500 nurses are working in the province. Among these people, 382 people were selected as a statistical sample with Cochranchr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s formula and participated in the research by placing link questions in Telegram and WhatsApp groups. In this study, Alipour et al. Coronavirus Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), Walker Health Promoting Lifestyle Questionnaire and Weissfeld et al.chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s Health Beliefs Questionnaire were used. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression simultaneously with 24SPSS software.

Correlation results showed that coronary anxiety was associated with general health concerns (r=0.61), general health threats (r=0.37), vulnerability (r=0.57), and severity (r= 0.28). Positive and with medical treatment benefits (r=-0.44), self-help benefits (r=-0.44), self-actualization (r=-0.45), nutrition (r=-0.43), exercise (r=-0.52), stress management (r=-0.44), stress responsibility (r=-0.55) and interpersonal support (r=-0.59) are negatively related. The results of regression analysis also showed that 67% of the total variance of coronary anxiety is explained by health beliefs and 62% by promotional behaviors.

The results of this study show that health-promoting behaviors and health beliefs are associated with low corona virus anxiety. Therefore, interventions focused on these components can be effective in preventing nurses from developing corona virus anxiety.

The occurrence of human error is inevitable, and the health area and the nurses are no exception.Considering the fact that nursing service error is a harmful phenomenon and in some cases irrecoverable, therefore, identification the types of nursing errors in order to reduce them and improve patient safety is vital.

This research was performed qualitatively and through a descriptive phenomenological method.The purposive sampling was carried out in accordance with the benchmark and continued until the saturation of information with eight people.The samples were selected from nurses of hospitals with the highest nursing errors reported. Data collection was conducted using individual, deep and semi-structured interviews.The accuracy and robustness of the data were confirmed by the standards of Lincoln and Guba (1985). In order to analyze the result of the research, the Colaizzi method has been used.

The types of nursing errors were classified into 5 clusters and 14 categories. Main clusters extracted include operating errors,precautionary errors,diagnostic errors,communication errors,registration and reporting errors.

The present paper shows that nurseschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) experiences are an important source for identifying the types of error and their categorization; many errors that may not be considered as errors ,have been identified as an error influencing nursing errors, which can reduce the incidence of nursing errors if understood by administrators and supervisors

The spread of the new coronavirus as an epidemic disease has caused the patient to overflow the capacity of emergency rooms and hospital care departments and due to the number of visits and the stressful nature of those nurses have been exposed to burnout. He has investigated the effect of work shifts in Coronavirus conditions on burnout of employees with the mediating role of Coronavirus stress.

The present study is a descriptive research in the field of field studies in terms of applied purpose and in terms of data collection, the method of which was survey. The statistical population of the study of nurses working in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Amol city was 250 people and a sample of 151 people was selected using stratified sampling method. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. In data analysis, structural equation modeling method was used and SPSS 22 and Amos22 software were used to measure the fit of the research model and test the hypotheses.

The results showed that the research model has a good fit. Shift-related disorder has a significant effect on burnout and Coronavirus stress in nurses. Coronavirus stress has a significant effect on burnout in nurses. Also, Coronavirus stress well facilitates the relationship between shift work and burnout.

One of the challenges facing nurses in Coronavirus heart disease has been the effects of work shifts. Work shifts with Coronavirus artery stress and a large number of referrals and hospitalizations will lead to decentralization and lack of energy to pursue career goals, imbalances leading to fatigue, poor performance and reduced quality of life, and ultimately burnout.

Currently, one of the most important factors that affect the job performance of medical staff and overshadow their ability to perform their duties effectively is Covid-19 disease. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between burnout and job performance in the corona epidemic from the perspective of nurses in Urmia.

The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 1399 among 132 nurses working in medical centers in Urmia by simple random sampling. The instruments used in this study were three questionnaires, which included an initial demographic questionnaire, Maslach burnout questionnaire and Patterson job performance questionnaire. The results of the research were used for analysis using a questionnaire from SPSS software version 24.

According to the research findings, among 132 samples, most of the participants in this study were women (68.2%) and were under 30 years old (64.4%). There is a significant relationship between the effect of Covid-19 on burnout and job performance. So that the effect of Covid-19 on burnout is direct ,  That is, with the greater impact of Covid-19, the wear rate increases by 39% (p = 0.00, r = 0.39). The effect of Covid-19 on job performance is inverse, so that with increasing the effect of Covid-19, job performance decreases by -20% (p = 0.01, r = - 0.20).

Considering the significant relationship between Covid-19 with burnout and job performance, it is hoped that by providing the necessary solutions and measures, to help prevent the effects of this disease.

Interview is one of the well-known methods of qualitative data collection. Today, the interview is considered as an interactive practice. In recent decades, social scientists has increasingly considered the role elite play in the production of qualitative data and also, doing interview with these people in the community, and methodological issues about interviewing them have been interested by scholars.       

This review study was conducted through a systematic search in the field of interview, and interview with elite, in literature published between 1980 and 2018, by search engine/ database Google Scholar, ISI Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus Sciencs Direct, using the selected keywords. Finally, 44 articles and 2 books in this field, all in English, were retrieved, reviewed and evaluated.

This review study includes the definition of elite, the benefits and interviewing, the role of power in interviewing, approaches and preparation, and challenges in interviewing with organizational elite and some strategies to guide the interview. The overall purpose of this article is to provide an introduction to researchers who have recently wanted to interview elite.

An interview with the elite can play an important role for many researches that have portrayed the history and development of a phenomenon over the past half century. By gaining experience, an interviewer can learn techniques that overcome these problems and turn the challenges into an opportunity that results in better quality interviewing.

Self-assessment is an important part of the process of improving nursing skills and encourages nurses to play a more active role in the learning process and improving nursing care by identifying their strengths and weaknesses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of self-assessment of clinical skills of nurses caring for covid 19 patients in Mashhad.

This is a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study of 300 nurses working in the intensive care unit of patients with covid 19 Data were analyzed using a researcher-made questionnaire that included two main sections of demographic information and clinical skills of crisis nursing in 25 specialized cases.. The validity and reliability of the tool were confirmed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.

Based on the results, the mean age of the participants in the study was 34 years and 152 of them (78.4%) were women. Most infectious nurses (79%) rated their skills well; While this rate was 50% among non-infectious nurses. The greatest skill in infectious and non-infectious nurses was the ability to provide care services to patients with or suspected of having corona during hospitalization (50%) and the provision of necessary training to corona patients to reduce stress (78.4), respectively.

The results of the present study showed that the clinical skills of nurses in infectious diseases wards are in good condition in times of corona crisis. The findings of the present study can be used in the development of training courses for nurses in hospitals and medical centers to maintain full preparedness for similar crises and professional development of nurses.

Introduction:

 The study of mental health status and level of emotions in nurses has always been of great importance and this issue has been studied in various studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion regulation therapy on reducing aggression, job stress and general health in nurses of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Songor.

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental. The study sample consisted of 30 nurses working in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Sanghar in the first half of 1399 who were randomly selected and randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. The first group underwent a course of emotion-regulated therapy in twelve one-hour sessions, and the second group or the control group received no treatment. Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaire, Nursing Job Stress Questionnaire and Goldberg General Health Questionnaire were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24.

The results showed that the effectiveness of therapy based on emotion regulation at the level of α <0.01 for the variables of aggression (F = 39.40), job stress (F = 29.87) and general health (F = 20.94), respectively. It is meaningful.

Considering the results obtained on the effectiveness of emotion regulation therapy on changing the level of aggression, job stress and general health in nurses, nurseschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) mental health officials should pay more attention to this issue and provide services that promote Provides excitement in nurses, can have a positive and optimal effect on mental health, stress and aggression of nurses.

Nurse-physician professional communication is one of the most important factors to performance of the healthcare system and the quality of care delivered to the patient. This study aimed to conduct a review of the literature to evaluate Interdisciplinary relationship between nurses and physicians in Iran.

In this review, the articles published between 2008- 2018 were examined through PubMed, Scopus, Science Directو Google Scholar, SID, MagIran. The search was done in both Persian and English languages. For this purpose, the keywords of professional relationships, collaboration, participation, nurses and doctors in Persian sources and interdisciplinary relations, cooperation, relationships, and Doctors physicians were determined in English sources using MESH. Research in Iran was the main criterion for entering the study. After evaluating the entry criteria and quality of articles, 13 eligible studies were recognized and entered into the study.

The results showed that 61.53% of the studies reported good communication between nurses and physicians and 38.5% reported moderate levels of communication. Gender, work experience, type of department, inadequate understanding of communication patterns and acceptance of the role of physicianschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) domination are among the factors influencing communication between the professions of doctors and nurses.

In order to improve the professional communication between physicians and nurses, changes need to be made, including greater attention to professional roles and nurseschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) autonomy, the inclusion of professional courses in medical and nursing curriculum, and the creation of work team spirit in physicians and nurses.

Protecting staff while working with patients with COVID-19 is one of the important responsibilities of managers in the face of the recent pandemic crisis. Although international and national guidelines in this regard guide the performance of managers, but considering the environmental characteristics and innovations of each center in order to further protect employees need more publication and sharing. Providing hospital experiences helps to improve strategies and select appropriate solutions in nursing managers.

Dr. Shariati Hospital with 151 active beds was dedicated to providing treatment and care services to COVID-19  patients on March 2017. Therefore, it was necessary to take measures to protect care staff. These steps were performed in three main steps, including (1) designing the physical environment of the staff entrance, (2) providing the required tools and equipment, and (3) designing the processes.

COVID-19 is a highly contagious disease. Transmission of the virus due to occupational exposure is still a major threat to medical staff. Considering the appropriate physical environment, designing the program according to the hospital facilities and staff participation, designing transparent processes with high execution capability are the basic components of designing and implementing personal protection programs in the event of an infectious crisis.

The human resources empowerment is one of the important attitudes of contemporary management in improving job performance. Therefore, with the coronavirus outbreak in the country, the psychological empowerment of nurses to improve their job performance was given special attention by senior managers of the health system. Because improving the job performance of nurses leads to better treatment of patients, improving the quality of medical services and overall it improves public health.

The research method in this study is descriptive- correlation and based on regression analysis. The statistical population of this study was nurses of Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital with 366 nurses which 188 nurses were selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected using three standard questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS16 using both descriptive and inferential statistics.

There was a positive and meaningful relationship between psychological empowerment and job performance of nurses (P<0.05). Also, each of the dimensions of nursing managers communication behaviors (direction-giving, empathetic, and meaning-making language) have the moderating role in the relationship between psychological empowerment and job performance of nurses (P<0.05).  

It is suggested to nursing managers by taking actions such as expressing clear goals, cultural norms, and values of the organization to nurses, delegation of authority to nurses, trying to reform the payment, maintain and manage the mental health of nurses, holding periodic meetings and involving nurses in decision making on the disagreement issue, promoting culture of responsibility within among nurses, empathetic behavior, encouraging and supporting nurses cause increase empowerment and job performance of nurses.

The purpose of this study was to design a model for empowering nursing managers. The present study is developmental in terms of purpose and descriptive-exploratory in terms of method. Interview tools were used to collect qualitative data. The target population in this study is nursing managers in teaching hospitals of Tehran University.

The sampling method in this study is either theoretical or theoretical. The Grounded Theory strategy with the Strauss and Corbin approach was used to design the empowerment model for nursing managers. Based on open and axial coding results, causal factors affecting the empowerment of nursing managers are educational systems; effective communication, organizational rules and plans, and moral oriented and professional leadership. Also, flexible organizational structure, eminent human resource treasure, effective technology infrastructure and administrative processes are important contextual factors for empowering nursing managers.

The results of the central coding of confounding factors in empowering nursing managers show that managerial challenges, organizational challenges and nursing personnel issues are among the intervening factors in empowering nursing managers. On the other hand, developing motivational programs, organizing legal issues, developing training programs, and strengthening order and organization within the organization are among the most important strategies of this model. Also, improving organizational performance, enhancing nurses chr(chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))39chr(chr('39')39chr('39')))empowerment, and improving managerschr(chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))39chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))) empowerment are the most important consequences of empowering nursing managers.

Empowering nursing managers does not happen by accident. The presence of leaders who believe in the use of organizational systems and infrastructure, including systems for reviewing proposals, succession planning, inclusive and effective communication based on organizational ethics, and leading organizational rules, provide the necessary motivation and driver to move towards empowerment.

Introduction :

Nurseschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) job stress affects the quality of their care and professional performance. Meanwhile, nurses working in psychiatric wards face different challenges in their work environment due to the special characteristics of hospitalized patients and the unique nature of the atmosphere of these wards. Better understanding of the atmosphere of psychiatric wards and understanding its relationship with job stress of nurses working in these wards requires further studies in this field.

In this cross-sectional correlational study conducted in Shiraz and Bushehr in southern Iran in 2019, the study population included nurses working in psychiatric hospitals in these two cities. The sample consisted of 181 nurses working in psychiatric wards of selected hospitals in Bushehr and Shiraz who were selected by census. Data collection tools included demographic form, valid and reliable ward atmosphere scale of Mous (1968) and nurse stress scale of Taft and Anderson (1981). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19 and Pearson or Spearman correlation tests, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and linear regression. Significance level was set at less than 0.05.

Results :

Although the total atmosphere score of the ward did not show a statistically significant relationship with the nurses chr(chr('39')39chr('39'))total job stress score, but other results showed that among the atmospheric subscales, the "order" subscale is a strong predictor of nurseschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) job stress. If the "order" is lower, the nurseschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) job stress will be at higher levels (P = 0.001, β = -0.275).

Findings of the study emphasized the importance of "order and organization" in the psychiatric ward as a strong predictor of job stress. In order to reduce the job stress of nurses in psychiatric wards, nursing managers should act in designing the physical atmosphere of the ward, arranging equipment and facilities, as well as implementing management programs and processes in such a way that nurses working in the ward feel "order and organization" in the atmosphere of the ward.

Nurses are considered as the largest group of health care providers in the health care system. Therefore, turnover intention in nurses has become one of the major problems of managers.

The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive correlation with the structural equation modeling approach. The study population consisted of 1850 nurses of public hospitals in Khorramabad, from which 318 people were selected as sample members by two methods of random cluster sampling and systematic random method. For data collection, questionnaires on perceived workload, turnover intention, work-life balance and high-commitment work system were used. Also, the quality of the measurement model was confirmed by cv.com test and that of the structural model was confirmed by cv.red test. According to the GOF index, the quality of the final research model was 0.452, which showed that the model has a strong fit.

The results showed that perceived workload had a negative effect on work-life balance and the turnover intention. Also, work-life balance and high-commitment work system had a negative effect on the turnover intention. The mediating role of work-life balance reduces the effect of perceived workload on nurseschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) turnover intention by -0.250, and the existence of a high-commitment work system moderates the effect of perceived workload on nurseschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) turnover intention by -0.290.

According to the results of this study, it seems necessary for managers to make decisions to reduce the workload of nurses and improve their work-life balance by emphasizing the role of high-commitment work system to reduce nurseschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) turnover intention.